- URLs: If a DOI is available, use that instead of the URL (see below). If the article does not have a DOI, use the URL instead.
- Don't copy the link from your browser's address bar - it is often a temporary link. Instead, look at the article's record for a link button or a field labeled permalink, document link, or stable link.
- Don't insert a space or hyphen to create line breaks.
- Don't use a URL shortener such as Bitly or TinyURL.
- Omit https:// from the beginning of the URL, unless doing that breaks the link.
- If the DOI is already in link format, you can use it as-is. Example: https://www.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2018-0821
- The DOI might be listed on the document in an older format, such as DOI: 10.2514/1.J052201 . If so, place the DOI at the end of the URL https://www.doi.org/ (do include the https://). Example: https://www.doi.org/ 10.2514/1.J052201 .
Database Citation Examples
Articles
Britannica Academic
Britannica Academic is unusual. Because it is both hosted and published by Encyclopedia Britannica, there is only one container. The citation format is: Author Last Name, First Name if available. "Title of Article." Britannica Academic, Encyclopedia Britannica, Date. URL.
“Ghana.” Britannica Academic, Encyclopedia Britannica, 2009. academic-eb-com.butlerlib.butlercc.edu/levels/collegiate/article/Ghana/36657.
Keane, Marguerite. “Art Fraud.” Britannica Academic, Encyclopedia Britannica, 2018. academic-eb-com.butlerlib.butlercc.edu/levels/collegiate/article/art-fraud/607349.
Credo Reference
Author of entry Last Name, First Name if available. “Title of Entry.” Title of Encyclopedia, Author/Editor of Encyclopedia if available, Publisher, Year of Publication. Credo Reference, URL.
“Drone.” The Columbia Encyclopedia, Paul Lagasse, Columbia University Press, 8th edition, 2018. Credo Reference, butlerlib.butlercc.edu/login?url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/columency/drone/0?institutionId=6058.
Rice, Stanley. “Dinosaurs.” Encyclopedia of Evolution, Facts on File, 2nd edition, 2015. Credo Reference, butlerlib.butlercc.edu/login?url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/fofe/dinosaurs/0?institutionId=6058.
Magazine Article from a Database
Author Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Magazine, vol. x if available, no. x if available, Publication date, pp. x-x if available. Title of Database, DOI/URL of article.
Dickinson, Tim. “The Sky Thief.” Rolling Stone, nos. 1353-1354, Jul.-Aug. 2021, pp. 90+. ProQuest Research Library, www-proquest-com.butlerlib.butlercc.edu/magazines/sky-thief/docview/2547621560/se-2?accountid=40640.1.
Lowry, Brian. “News Hard to Be Good.” Variety, vol. 425, no. 1, 14 Nov. 2011, pp. 2+. ProQuest Literature & Language, butlerlib.butlercc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.butlerlib.butlercc.edu/docview/906761671?accountid=40640.
Newspaper Article from a Database
Author Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Newspaper, vol. x if available, no. x if available, Publication date, pp. x+ if available. Title of Database, DOI/URL of article.
Eaton, Collin, and Amrith Ramkumar. “ Colonial Pipeline Shutdown: Is There a Gas Shortage and When Will the Pipeline be Fixed? ” Wall Street Journal (Online), 13 May 2021. US Newsstream, www-proquest-com.butlerlib.butlercc.edu/newspapers/colonial-pipeline-shutdown-is-there-gas-shortage/docview/2526226102/se-2?accountid=40640.
Root, Tik. “ 9 Questions About the Civilian Climate Corps, Answered. ” Washingtonpost.com, 16 Sept. 2021. Gale OneFile: News, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A675725061/STND?u=klnb_bucc&sid=bookmark-STND&xid=dc736386.
Scholarly / Peer-Reviewed Article with DOI
Author Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, vol. x if available, no. x if available, Publication date, pp. x-x if available. Title of Database, DOI of article.
Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F., et al. “Mental Health and Comorbidities in U.S. Military Members.” Military Medicine, vol. 181, no. 6, June 2016, pp. 537-545. EBSCOhost Academic Search Premier, https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00187.
Klor, Sebastian. “‘Marginal Immigrants’: Jewish-Argentine Immigration to the State of Israel, 1948–1967.” Israel Studies, vol. 21, no. 2, summer 2016, pp. 50-76. Gale Academic OneFile, https://doi.org/10.2979/israelstudies.21.2.03.
Scholarly / Peer-Reviewed Article - No DOI
Author Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, vol. x if available, no. x if available, Publication date, pp. x-x if available. Title of Database, URL of article.
Tsianos, Vassilis S., and Dimitris Papadopoulos. “Crisis, Migration and the Death Drive of Capitalism.” Afterall: A Journal of Art, Context, & Enquiry, vol. 29, no. 3, Dec. 2012, pp. 4–11. EBSCOhost Art Full Text, ssearch-ebscohost-com.butlerlib.butlercc.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aft&AN=83191968&site=ehost-live.
E-Books
E-Book from a Library Database
Author Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. Version if relevant, Publisher, Publication Year. Title of Database, URL or DOI of book.
Bennette, Rebecca, et al., editors. Daily Life through World History in Primary Documents. Greenwood, 2008. ABC-CLIO, publisher.abc-clio.com/EGR3898. 3 vols.
Hall, Kimberly, editor. Construction Projects: Improvement Strategies, Quality Management and Potential Challenges. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2017. ProQuest Ebook Central, ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/butlercc/detail.action?docID=4789267.
Chapter from an E-Book
Chapter Author Last Name, First Name. “Title of Chapter or Essay.” Title of Book, edited by Editor First Name Last Name if relevant, Version if relevant, Publisher, Publication Year, pp. x-x if available. Title of Database, URL or DOI of book.
Beal, Becky. “ Navigating the Built Environment: Technology and Physics. ” Skateboarding: The Ultimate Guide, Greenwood, 2013, pp. 91-102. ABC-CLIO eBook Collection, legacy.abc-clio.com/reader.aspx?isbn=9780313381133&id=A2257C-407.
Beier, Margaret E., and Ruth Kanfer. “Work Performance and the Older Worker.” The SAGE Handbook of Aging, Work and Society, edited by John Field et al., Sage Publications Ltd., 2013. SAGE Knowledge, https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446269916.n6.
Oxford Very Short Introductions
Author Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. Version if relevant, Oxford UP, Publication Year. Very Short Introductions, DOI of book.
Clapham, Andrew. Human Rights: A Very Short Introduction. 2nd ed., Oxford UP, 2015. Very Short Introductions, https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198706168.001.0001.
Media
Video from a Database
Title of Movie/Long Standalone Video [or] “Title of Clip/TV Episode/Short Standalone Video.” Title of TV Show or Longer Video [if citation is for a clip], produced by/directed by/other creative role by First Name Last Name [if relevant], Production Company/Publisher of Video, Video release date. Title of Database, URL or DOI of video.
“Rutherford B. Hays: Great Compromise of 1877.” The Presidents: 1865-1885, produced by History Education, 2005. Films on Demand, fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=95465&xtid=43177.
“Overcoming Barriers to Effective Multicultural Counseling and Therapy.” Directed by Derald Wing Sue, Microtraining Associates, 2003. Alexander Street Press Counseling and Therapy in Video, video.alexanderstreet.com/watch/overcoming-barriers-to-effective-multicultural-counseling-and-therapy.
Audio or Video Transcript from a Database
Title of Movie/Long Standalone Video [or] “Title of Audio Clip/Video Clip/Episode/Short Standalone Video.” Title of TV Show/Radio Show/Podcast or Longer Video if Citation is a Clip, produced by/directed by/other creative role by First Name Last Name [if relevant], Production Company/Publisher of Video/Audio, release date. Title of Database, URL or DOI. Transcript.
“Green Products Manufacturer - Career Q&A: Professional Advice and Insight.” Cambridge Educational, 2017. Films on Demand, fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=95465&xtid=139610. Transcript.
“How Video Games Can Help Us Explore Ideas About Race.” All Things Considered, hosted by Ari Shapiro, National Public Radio, 19 July 2018. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, link.galegroup.com.butlerlib.butlercc.edu/apps/doc/A547427229/OVIC?u=klnb_bucc&sid=OVIC&xid=1731685f. Transcript.
Image from a Library Database
Artist or photographer Last Name, First Name. Title of Artwork. Date work was created. Title of Database, URL or DOI.
Argent, Godfrey. Henry Moore. 2 June 1970. Credo Reference, butlerlib.butlercc.edu/login?url=https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/npg/henry_moore_by_godfrey_argent_2_jun_70/0?institutionId=6058.
Dürer, Albrecht. St. Bartholomew. 1523. Artstor, library.artstor.org/asset/27018624.
Other Database Sources
Federal Bill or Act of Congress from a Database
United States, Congress, House [or] Senate [if chamber is indicated]. Title of Bill or Statute. Title of Publication if available, vol. x, Day Month Year of publication, pp. x-x. Title of Database, URL or DOI. Xth Congress, Xth session, Resolution Number if available, passed Day Month Year [if passed].
United States, Congress. An Act: To Organize the Territories of Nebraska and Kansas. United States Statutes at Large, vol. 10, 1854, pp. 277-290. HeinOnline, heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.slavery/ssactsaa0168&i=1. 33rd Congress, 1st session, passed 30 May 1854.
